Comparison of Seven Beowulf Translations Essay -- comparison compare c

Comparison of Seven Beowulf   Translations    There is not unanimity among Beowulf translators concerning all parts of the text, but there is little divergence from a single, uniform translation of the poem. Herein are discussed some passages which translators might show disagreement about because of the lack of clarity or missing fragments of text or abundance of synonyms or ambiguous referents.    After the Danish coast-guard meets and talks to Beowulf, the guard then begins his next speech with a brief maxim or aphorism:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Aeghwaepres sceal scearp scyldwiga  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   gescad witan, worda ond worca,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   se pe wel penced. (287-289)    T.A. Shippey comments in â€Å"The World of the Poem† that :      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Translating this ought not to be difficult†¦. The problem here is caused by the fact that proverbs are not merely linguistic phenomena†¦. the hidden factor is the extralinguistic frame; we have been taught in childhood when to use proverbs, what their metaphors mean, who to say them to, and how to take them. It is this nonverbal knowledge that we need to be able to understand the coastguard’s ‘gnome.’ Reluctance to reconstruct such intangibles and dogged staring at the text have led literary critics into controversy (Shippey 34).    So let’s cross-reference six translators and determine how serious a discrepancy exists here. Howell D. Chickering translates the troublesome part of the passage:   â€Å"must know the distinction between words and deeds, keep the difference clear† (Chickering 65). E. Talbot Donaldson: â€Å"who thinks well must be able to judge each of the two things, words and works† (Donaldson 6). Kevin Crossley-Holland: â€Å"one whose mind is ... ... multiple synonyms, vague references, etc.    BIBLIOGRAPHY   Alexander, Michael. Beowulf A Verse Translation. New York: Penguin Books, 1973. Chickering, Howell D. Beowulf A dual-Language Edition. New York: Anchor Books, 1977. Crossley-Holland, Kevin, trans. Beowulf The Fight at Finnsburh, edited by Heather O’Donoghue. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Donaldson, E. Talbot, trans. Beowulf The Donaldson Translation, edited by Joseph Tuso. New York, W.W.Norton and Co., 1975. Heaney, Seamus. Beowulf, A New Verse Translation. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2000. Rebsamen, Frederick. Beowulf A Verse Translation. New York: Harper-Collins Publishers, 1991. Shippey, T.A.. â€Å"The World of the Poem.† In Beowulf – Modern Critical Interpretations, edited by Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987..

Current Article: Deviance & Control

Current Article: Deviance & Control I chose an article from the Atlanta Metro Newspaper. The article I chose to write about had to do with Bishop Eddie Long and his ex-wife’s allegations of his beating her throughout their marriage. There is a lot going on in the news about Mr. Long and his allegations of sexual coercion with four young men. If this isn’t a form of deviance, than I don’t what is. I know deviance deals with crime that that break cultural norms and this subject breaks a lot of our cultural norms as Americans.You would think that a Bishop would not fit this topic at all, but it just goes to show that anyone is capable of committing a crime, even a Bishop. I feel that the author uses different sociological perspectives. This article isn’t necessarily trying to get the reader to believe that Mr. Long is guilty of these allegations; the author is simply stating that it is out of the norm to hear about a Bishop being accused of beating his wi fe and sexual coercion. With a fallacy, an argument of some sort should be brought up in the case. The fallacy of logic in this article is whether or not Mr.Long is guilty of the allegations brought by his wife of domestic violence during their marriage. This would actually be a deductive argument being that his wife is a witness and that the argument contains some form of evidence that could back this allegation up. Another fallacy brought up in this article is accusing Mr. Long of sexual coercion on four counts with four different victims. This fallacy would also be an example of a deductive argument because it involves victims who are actual witnesses to the crime. I actually would not have treated the subject any different.The author used great reasoning for her belief and opinion throughout the article which is how I would have handled the subject. Just because Mr. Long is a Bishop, does not mean that he should be treated any different in this situation. This is not the first c ase of a pastor or bishop being accused for such allegations. I know for me and my cultural, it is just shocking to see and African American Bishop of a Baptist church being accused for two different harsh allegations.Link: http://www. ajc. com/news/dekalb/bishop-eddie-long-ex-646136. html

PROMOTE THE HEALTH AND PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN Essay

How you adapt your practice to meet the health and physical development needs of children, taking into account age, gender, ethnicities, individual needs and abilities In my setting I help to promote children’s health and physical development through daily routines and activities. In all my activities I have in mind that children are individual. I also make use the term â€Å"one size fits all† approach to do my planning. When planning I put into consideration, the age, gender, ethnicities, experience, ability and the specific needs of each child. I aim to give all children in the setting the opportunity to succeed and reach their highest level of personal achievement. I analyse the attainment of different groups of children to ensure that all children are achieving as much as they can. I also make ongoing assessments of each child progress. Other things that I put into consideration to help me achieve my aim are; layout, safety of equipment eg: not too many small piece s, Cleaning rota, flooring-carpet, laminated flooring for easy clean, toys and equipment that challenges children I also consider children cultural/religious practices eg: some clothes worn such as sari’s can be difficult for PE, Adult ratio, dietary needs, training of staff-health and safety, health and hygiene, SchoolSAFE etc., access-are doors suitable for mobility aids. The type of indoor and outdoor activities that will encourage balance, co-ordination, gross and fine motor skills, manipulative skills and hand/eye co-ordination In my setting, I make use of environment and resources. I encourage children of all ages to play together happily because I understand the benefits of different types of play and I help children to experience play that will support their overall development. ACTIVITY BALANCE AND COORDINATION GROSS AND FINE MOTOR SKILLS HAND-EYE COORDINATION Push-and-pull toys, e.g. having dolly in a buggies Climbing, frames, slides Drawing and marks making with crayon, chalks, pencils Jigsaws and puzzles Pretend play i.e making tea, or cooking Self dressing, including buttoning and unbuttoning own clothing Riding bike and scooters Kicking,throwing and catching a ball Dancing and moving to music Walking, Running, jumping and skipping Threading and needling Play dough Computer moving the mouse Water and sand play Cutting with scissor Standing, Hopping In what circumstances you might change routines or activities, how you would adapt existing or planned activities or routines. It is very important to actively plan to meet children’s need because there is otherwise a real danger that some children’s needs might be overlooked, so in my setting I put this into consideration. Activities are usually planned with a group of children in mind, with regards to individual needs. However routines and activities could be changed if the children became bored or I run out of resources. I always have the thought about how an activity could be extended or adapted if needed at the last minute. In my setting all activities and areas of the setting are accessible to all children, there are also sufficient space between furniture and activities that allow free movement around the classroom. What the organisation’s policies and practices are regarding risk assessment and safety and why it is important to follow these? Risk assessment is about being aware of potential dangers in the children’s environment and then taking step to minimise the risk. Risk assessments must be carried out in order to identify hazards and find out the safest way to perform certain tasks and procedures. In my setting, I have a list of what and where to carry out the risk assessment so I carried out this risk assessment every morning. I follow my setting policies and practices regarding risk assessment and safety because it is important to makes my settings safe places for children. What is meant by challenging activities for individual babies and children and the link between challenging activities and developmental progress. How you encourage children to extend their range or skills and achievements. In my setting I always encourage all children of all ages and gender to increase their range or explore the range of their movement and limits of their bodies. This is achieving by: I join the children in some activities  e.g play with ball and making play dough I encourage both boys and girls to join in all activities, individually and together I make sure all children have a go, they take turn I make sure all children have equal access. I give them praise and encouragement when they perform new skill e.g well done or clapping. And at time give them award inform of sticker. K2D293 How to provide opportunities for children to rest and recover from physical activity and why this is important In my setting after physical activity I make sure children have opportunities to have a drink of water Sit down quietly or lie down in the quiet/book corner. This is because they need to catch their breath, slow their heart rates, rest their muscles and generally recharge their batteries. In my setting I also follow a routine that encourages children to relax or rest. It is important for babies, toddlers and young people to rest because it will help the growth and development, and it will help them to relax their brain. How to carry our risk assessment that takes all reasonable precautions without restricting opportunities for development; how organisational policy can support this. The government’s guidelines on healthy eating and nutrition for children and why it is important that these are followed by childcare practitioners As a practitioner it is important to follow the government’s guidelines on healthy eating and nutrition for children, so in my setting as am the one in charge of cooking and preparing snacks for children, I have recently renew my food and hygiene certificate. I make sure that healthy and nutritious food is prepared for the children as I know it is illegal to purposefully contaminated food. The nutritional needs of babies and young children differ according to their age, religion and dietary. There has been a huge amount of research into the problems of childhood obesity- caused by a combination of eating too much especially fatty and sugary food. Lots of snack between meals with little or not enough physical exercise, it has been proven beyond doubt that diet and physical activity in a child’s early years can affect health in later life. There are some guidelines for a healthy diet: Enjoy your food Eat a variety of different foods Eat the right amount to maintain a healthy weight Eat plenty of food rich in starch and fibre Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables Do not eat too many foods that contain a lot of fat Do not have sugary foods and drinks too often In my setting I try as much as possible to follow these guidelines. K2D296 What are appropriate foods to give to children, what foods are unsuitable and why Link to K2D295 K2D297 Special dietary requirements and food preparation, related to culture, ethnicity or religious beliefs In my setting as a child is registered I find out if the child has any specific dietary requirements sot that I can meet the child’s needs whilst still promoting a healthy diet. Children’s dietary requirements are often determined by their family, culture, ethnicity or religious beliefs. Christians may give up certain foods for Lent Jews may not eat pork or shellfish etc. Muslims my breast-fed until the age of two years and may not eat pork or pork products. Sikhs may be vegetarian or eat only chicken, lamb or fish  Hindus may eat no beef or be vegetarian and my drink no alcohol Why it is important that all dietary information is documented and shared with others e.g. food allergies In my setting information about all dietary is documented and shared with other staff in order to avoid any mistake as any mistake made could cause serious harm to the child’s health. Information about children’s allergies to food and drink are regularly updated in my setting. This is always discussed with parents when a child is admitted. How you can encourage healthy eating practices in children In my setting I make children to be aware of healthy foods and how good they are for their bodies. I get them involved in their food as soon as they show an interest. Introduce lots of foods with different tastes and textures East as a group as much as possible, as it will encourage children to enjoy mealtime Introduce children to multicultural healthy foods that are new and interesting Introduce children to exotic fruits and vegetables that are new and interesting Involve children in shopping and preparing healthy foods. Make myself a role model, by drinking water at all time and eating fruit and vegetable also. The need for good oral hygiene and how and why this can be encouraged In my setting, I encourage children to look after their teeth by: Brushing their teeth every morning and night Avoid sweetened drinks at any age Drinking plain water after meals Diet with plenty of calcium, fluoride, vitamins A, C and D and food that need chewing. Regularly visit to the dentist as soon as teeth appear. Principles of cross infection and basic food hygiene In my setting, I make sure children wash their hands, before and after eating, when they go to toilet they washes their hands. As the children washed their hand there is a particular song I thought them, â€Å"This is the way we wash our hands, wash our hands, wash our hands, this is the way we wash our hands all day long. Correct disposal of different types of waste according to procedures and why this is required In my setting, in several occasion I have to dispose of bodily waste like vomit, urine and faeces. I make sure this are disposed of correctly in order to avoid contamination of surfaces and materials that are used to prepare food, or that children work on. I always wear disposable gloves and apron when dealing with waste I make sure I dispose waste promptly and in the appropriate bin. I always wipe surfaces that waste has been in contact with, by using the correct fluids and cloths. I dispose of my gloves and apron and wash my hands thoroughly after dealing with waste Activities that can be undertaken by children to raise awareness of their own bodies and their health needs, according to their age, gender, needs and abilities In my setting I make sure children are aware of their own bodies at the same time teach them how to look after their body to keep them healthy and safe. This is an ongoing process for children because their bodies are changing and developing all the time. Children benefit from understanding that in order to grow and develop their body needs healthy food, water, exercise, rest and to be cared for in a hygienic way. Furthermore all children experience times when they feel unwell. I also provide activities in accordance with children’s age, gender, needs and abilities. Songs singing during circle time involving all the part of the body like ‘head shoulders, knees and toes’†¦.. Having a discussion about the theme ‘All about me’ this encourage children to focus on themselves and their bodies H olding food-tasting events for new healthy food. Pretend play, e.g. doctor and patient Details of health surveillance of children and young people, the role of immunisations and information on regimes for children Heath surveillance can be describe as close supervision or observations that are primarily carried out to detect any problems with a child or young person’s development with the aim of getting them the appropriate support and treatment in future. Child health surveillance should be carried out in partnership with the parent as they are the experts and the best people to identify health, developmental and behavioural problems in their own children. It is a positive experience for parents. In my setting, we always ask parent if they are up-to-date with their children immunisation and further explain to them the important of immunisation. Immunisation is to protect children from diseases that are very serious and could result to death or serious handicaps. It also protects children by preventing diseases from being passed on. Age immunisation is given Diseases protected against Name of vaccine Two months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Pneumococcal infection DTaP/IPV/Hib Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, (PCV) Three months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Meningitis C DTaP/IPV/Hib MenC Four months old Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) Meningitis C; Pneumococcal infection DTaP/IPV/Hib MenC PCV Around 12 months old Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) Meningitis C Hib/MenC Around 13 months old Measles, mumps and rubella Pneumococcal infection MMR PCV Three years and four months or soon after Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and polio Measles, mumps and rubella DTaP/IPV or dTaP/IPV, MMR 13 to 18 years old Diphtheria, tetanus, polio Td/IPV 12 to 18 years old (girls only) Human papilloma virus (HPV) – increases the risk of cervical cancer HPV In addition, some babies in high-risk groups are given a BCG immunisation for protection against tuberculosis shortly after they are born. Higher risk infants may also receive immunisation against Hepatitis B. Your doctor/health visitor will give you more information if your child needs these immunisations. How chronic illnesses may affect physical development and how to access further information and support about particular conditions Children with chronic illness may be physical affected. The get tired quickly and so miss out on some activities. I need to keep track of children’s participation in the setting so as to know if they have missed key activities. But children who have chronic illnesses and physical difficulties are given opportunities to join in fully with all discussions and activities. I get support and information from the child’s parent/career as they will be  well informed, I can also search through internet, support groups and health organisation or Libraries.

Conquest of Panay and Other Islands Essay

Legaspi’s Cebu settlement had three important problems. First, there was a shortage of food and what the natives were used to eat was different from Spanish food. Second, misfortune struck the settlement. On November 1, 1565, a fire of unknown origin broke out in the settlement. Some twenty Spanish houses and the hut where masses were celebrated were burned. Third, the Spaniards were displeased with Legaspi’s order that no Spaniard should take anything from the Filipinos without paying for it. This, together with the shortage of food, led to a conspiracy on November 27 under the leadership of Pablo Hernandez. The captain of the San Pablo revealed the plot to the master-of-camp, Mateo de Saez. The latter immediately warned Legaspi, who lost no time in arresting the conspirators. Hernandez was beheaded–those were times of harsh justice–but the rest of the conspirators were pardoned. And fourth, Legaspi was also faced with the hostility of the Portuguese who did not enjoy Legaspi’s settling in Cebu. They sent ships to Cebu to spy on Legaspi’s activities. In 1568, and again the following year, a Portuguese captain, Gonzalo de Pereira, blockaded Cebu in order to starve the Spaniards. With the aid of the Cebuanos, however, Legaspi withstood the blockade and succeeded in forcing Pereira to lift the blockade and leave the Philippines. In the midst of all these problems, the first reinforcements from Mexico arrived in Cebu on board the galleon San Geronimo on October 15, 1566. This made Legaspi happy, for it brought not only the news that Urdaneta had safely arrived in Mexico but much-needed soldiers from Mexico as well. Later two more galleons from Mexico arrived in Cebu on August 20, 1567, bringing additional reinforcements and supplies. They were commanded by two young grandsons of Legaspi’s–Felipe de Salcedo, 20 years old, and Juan de Salcedo, 18. With these reinforcements, Legaspi sent out various explorations to the neighboring islands for the purpose of securing more food and establishing friendly relations with the datus of the other islands. Later Legaspi received the information that food was abundant in one of the islands in the north. In 1569 he directed his men to sail to Panay. There, on the banks of the Panay River, Legaspi founded the second Spanish settlement in the Philippines. As in Cebu, he won the friendship of the Panay inhabitants by his policy of attraction. Many of these inhabitants were converted to Christianity by Augustinian missionaries. After that, Legaspi never encountered the problem of food shortage, for the natives brought the needed provisions to him. Legaspi was now ready to spread the rule of Spain to the other islands in the archipelago. With Cebu and Panay as bases, he ordered his men to explore the other Visayan islands. Captain Luis Enriquez de Guzman explored and conquered Masbate, Burias, and Ticao and claimed these for the Spanish crown. He got as far as the Bicol region, then known as Ibalon. In January 1570 Legaspi sent his warlike grandson, Juan de Salcedo, on an expedition farther to the north. With forty Spanish soldiers and some 500 Visayans, Salcedo landed at Ilin Island, just south of Mindoro, and took it for the king of Spain. From Ilin he sailed to another island, Lubang, northwest of Mindoro and close to the mouth of Manila Bay. There he met stiff resistance from Muslim defenders. Salcedo subdued them and finally captured Mamburao. This brought the Spaniards almost to the entrance of Manila Bay. Salcedo then returned to Panay to report to his grandfather what he had done.

Avoiding Fallacies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Avoiding Fallacies - Essay Example From the reasoning presented by the characters in the book, there are different approaches to the issue of women and publicity. One of the fallacies would be that she would be putting on pants all over her time. Another one would be that Bill Clinton I never wore pants and that would lead us to question what he used to put on. Blair, one of the characters party to the question believes that there is an issue of economic status and women ability that would drive a woman to remain confident even in the face of controversy. Erin Bruno believes that the choice of such a slogan would be based on publicity that is required. The media, according to him reports stories with the audience in mind. When the perceived audience is large, then the chances that the, media will multiply publicity of the aspect in mind is very high. David Bositis presented an issue with the opinion polls not favoring the minorities. Clinton in this case would be described as a minority based on her being a woman. The refore, the fallacies about her slogans were purely meant to publicize her to the

Outline the development of the Christian doctrine of the Trinity from Research Paper

Outline the development of the Christian doctrine of the Trinity from the New Testament Church to the Nicene Creed - Research Paper Example Theological opinions on the foundation of the doctrine of the Trinity vary amongst two extremes. Trinity has no basis in the Bible, in contrast, it states that Trinity is clear in the New Testament. A summary of the tertiary writings validates the latter position, and yet still represented by conventional theologians, is largely submitted from the central point that the doctrine of the Trinity was understood in the scriptures and was made clear by the advances of the church fathers (Humphreys, 20) The conclusion of the historians is that the doctrine was not original. The interconnections between history and theology are of specific importance in view of the doctrine development, but conventionally there has been comparatively little exchange of ideas between the two principles. The second fact considered by the education theologians is that no organized expositions of the doctrine might be observed in the New Testament, Roman Catholic shares this opinion, Protestant, eastern orthodox theologians, and by liberal, moderate and conservative theologians. By saying this, they imply that the new testament does not have formal and official statements of Trinity, does not have passages where the subject of debate is Trinity, does not have refutations of subordination, and tritheism and modalism as Trinitarian errors. Lastly, words such as one, the Trinity or God used as one-and-the-same being collectively did not exist in the New Testament. Christians do claim that it might be prese nted in the bible educates that the God is the father, the son, Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit, implying that God is one (PARSENIOS, 400) In explaining their claims, the opposers and proponents of the Trinity that is not present in the New Testament have formed two strategies to support their allegations. The first plan was to conduct an exegesis of particular passages in the New Testament. A good example was seen in the essay by Warfield, he validated

CCNA SECURITY CASE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

CCNA SECURITY CASE STUDY - Essay Example The proposed network security policy as stated below specifically addresses access rights the minimum requirements for hardware buildup and the parameters and basis for audit and review. The Network Security Policy shall guide the access rights policy and set the parameters for the information security audit and review policy. The login policy including the password policy shall also be guided by the Network Security Policy (Whitman and Mattord). This paper shall also draft a procedure that will be responsive to the requirement of the Network Security Policy. The procedure will not only provide a detailed implementation of a specific intent of the policy it will also guide the operation and mechanism of the policy when implemented (Whitman and Mattord). Please note that the policies and procedures detailed in this paper is only recommendatory for the consideration and approval of the management of CMS. 2. Table of Contents 1.Summary 2 2.Table of Contents 3 3.Network Security Policy 4 I.Policy Declaration 4 II.Objective 4 III.Scope 4 IV.Definition and Abbreviations 5 V.Responsibilities 5 VI.General Requirements 7 V. Related Procedures 10 VI. Enforcement 10 4.Router Configuration Procedure 11 I.Purpose 11 II.Standard 12 III.Procedure 13 IV.Records Generated 14 5.Switch Configuration Procedure 14 I.Purpose 14 II.Procedure 14 A.Create and Administrative User 15 B.Storm Control 15 C.Protection against STP attacks 15 D.Port Security/Disabling unused ports 15 III.Useful Resources 15 3. Network Security Policy I. Policy Declaration CMS is in the business of providing health care services in line with its fiduciary and legal obligation this policy shall protect the privacy of its clients and employees by protecting the confidentiality, integrity and availability of all records, data, information entrusted to it. II. Objective The purpose of this policy is to outline the Network Security at CMS to be followed to ensure the confidentiality, availability and integrity for the purpose of protecting CMS, its client and employees. Inappropriate implementation exposes CMS to risks including virus attacks, compromise of network systems and services, and legal issues. III. Scope This policy applies to the whole CMS-Systems related Infrastructure and Equipments employees and customers. To achieve this goal, the following are required for implementation: Establish company-wide policies to protect the CMS networks and computer systems from abuse and inappropriate use. Establish mechanisms that will aid in the identification and prevention of abuse of networks and computer systems. Establish mechanisms that will limit the access and authorization of CMS personnel to information assets that balances role and job requirements and information security requirements. Establish mechanisms that will protect the reputation of the Company and will allow it to satisfy its legal and ethical responsibilities with regard to its networks and computer systems’ connect ivity to the worldwide Internet. Establish mechanisms that will support the goals of other existing policies. IV. Definition and Abbreviations Network resources - includes any networks connected to the CMS backbone, any devices attached to these networks and any services made